From the Editors December 2023

Dear Authors and Readers,

We would like to present the fourth issue of the journal „Economic and Regional Studies” which contains 11 original articles and two other papers. We have included in this issue two papers each by authors from Hungary, Indonesia and India, and 7 papers by authors from Poland. The work of the Hungarian authors addresses the issue of changes in spatial layouts and deals with the relationship between the structures of core and peripheral areas and the connections between a decline in income and the course of an economic recession. The work of the authors from Indonesia addresses the issue of digital marketing and effective strategies for cooperative development during the pandemic crisis. Three articles by authors from Poland also tackle topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic. With regard to the pandemic, the anti-crisis policy of the Polish government, the problem of the return of pensioners to the labour market in the macro-region of eastern Poland and the financing and conduct of forestry education for young people are discussed. Other works written by the Polish authors concern the issue of young people: factors influencing the tendency to migrate from the regions of northern Poland and the situation of students and graduates on the Polish labour market. The Authors from India provide a case study on price formation in the agricultural market and an outline of the concept of immemorial order in economics. The issue also includes a book review regarding the functioning of pharmacies and the provision of pharmaceutical services.
We encourage you to familiarise yourself with the content of the published papers and we invite you to submit original articles for publication. We would like to inform you Prof. Karel Tomšík from the Agricultural University in Prague has agreed to take on the role of Guest Editor for the second issue of the journal in 2024.

Mieczysław Adamowicz
Editor-in-Chief