ORIGINAL ARTICLE
REMOTE WORK IN POLAND AND ITS PERSPECTIVES
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Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, Polska
Submission date: 2021-09-06
Final revision date: 2021-10-06
Acceptance date: 2021-10-12
Online publication date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2021-12-31
Corresponding author
Małgorzata Radziukiewicz
Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, Polska
Economic and Regional Studies 2021;14(4):409-427
KEYWORDS
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ABSTRACT
Subject and purpose of work: Remote work is a phenomenon which has rapidly intensified as a
result of COVID-19 pandemic. The article presents the scale of remote work in Poland before the
outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, i.e. until 2020, and directly during the pandemic, i.e. from 2020
to the first half of 2021. The topics discussed concern: the concept of remote work, the level and
structure of persons working remotely in Poland and changes in their number in the recent years
as compared to those across the world and within the European Union Member States by sectors
of ownership, particular regions of the country and a type of socio-economic activity. Moreover,
positive and negative consequences of remote work for employees, employers and their families
are presented. Materials and methods: The analysis concerning the development of remote work is based
on many sources: data from Eurostat, Eurofound, the International Labour Organisation (ILO),
Statistics Poland, as well as surveys conducted by national and foreign consulting companies
dealing with the labour market. The following have been applied: a descriptive analysis allowing
identification of basic data in the scope of share of remote workers, an analysis of dynamics
identifying changes in the studied scope and a comparative analysis assessing the scale of remote
workers in the country with regard to the data noted in the EU states. Results: Before the pandemic in 2018, in Poland – in comparison to the EU states – the share
of employees who had the possibility of working remotely was below average and amounted to
approx. 4.6% (whereas in the whole EU 5.2% of persons aged between 15 and 64 years old regularly
worked remotely from home). In 2020, the share of persons who “usually work from home” doubled
in our country in comparison to the data for 2018 and amounted to 8.9%. The largest share of
remote workers in the general number of workers at the end of the 1st quarter of 2021 was noted in
the following sectors: financial and insurance services (36.1%), education (45.9%) and IT (66.8%).
These sectors were also the leaders in digitalisation and automation before the pandemic. Conclusions: Remote work is a flexible form of employment, which has recently developed , due
to the coronavirus pandemic in Poland and globally on a mass scale and at an unprecedented
pace. This form of work using the newest information and communication technologies (ICT)
has changed work and workplaces, as well as opened new divisions on the labour market since
better educated persons living in urban areas are better prepared to work outside their employers’
premises.
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