Subject and purpose of work: Analysis of changes in the structure of consumption as a component of GDP in Poland for the period 2011-2020, comparative assessment of GDP and consumption per capita in Poland in comparison with EU countries-27 in 2011-2020. Materials and methods: For the empirical analysis EUROSTAT and CSO statistical data covering the values of the basic components of GDP and consumption/consumption levels per capita were used. Methods of dynamics and comparative analysis were applied in relation to consumption levels. The statistical structural analysis made it possible to measure the intensity and degree of differentiation of the components of GDP in Poland in dynamic terms. The index of inferential structural changes and the divergence coefficient of Clark structures were used. Results: Based on the collected empirical material, the level of consumption in Poland was assessed in comparison with all EU-27 member states for the period 2010-2020. Using a quantitative approach, the degree of diversification of the structure of basic components, including consumption in GDP in dynamic terms, was also compared. Conclusions: The level of consumption in Poland in the last decade has been systematically increasing, in terms of growth rate it reached a value above the EU average. The research confirmed the occurrence of significant differences in consumption per capita in the EU-27 countries, both in the compared years and in static terms. These differences were particularly visible between the highly developed countries of Western Europe and Southern Europe. The values of measures of similarity of structures for the components of GDP indicate that in 2015-2020 there was a significant similarity of structures in the relations consumption/accumulation/foreign trade balance, while the differentiation of these structures differed more significantly at the beginning and end of the 2011-2020 decade.